His mother died when he was just five. The play focuses on his role as the last English Regent of France. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. In 1562, his grave was destroyed by Calvinists. In the Bedford Book of Hours [5] these arms are shown supported by an eagle collared with a crown and a sable yale all on a gold field sewn with gold uprooted tree-stumps. Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. All are lavishly decorated and are good examples of the style of the period. In reality, it was the Earl of Westmorland who talked down the rebels. [S443] #2051 Memorials of the Family of Scott of Scot's-hall in the County of Kent, Scott, James Renat, (2 volumes. In any event it didnt do Joan much good. Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of (1389-1435). Brenda Honeyman's novel Brother Bedford covers his life from Henry V's death to his own. 1726. Refresh and try again. [3], John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg.[4]. In Tony Milne's play "Bloody Bedford", he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window). In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. After his father's accession to the throne of England as Henry IV in 1399, John began to accumulate lands and lucrative offices. (Incidentally, Coco Chanel was born in Saumur.). It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. 3). In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Advertizing Wikipedia Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. There was also the small matter of Humphrey antagonizing the next most important man in the kingdom during Henry VIs minority Henry Beaufort who was the Bishop of Lincoln, a key figure on the regency council and the half-uncle of Henry IVs children. His mother died when he was just five. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford synonyms, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford pronunciation, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford translation, English dictionary definition of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. 17294), both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 142023, which is English (British Library Add MS 42131). On 28 July 1488, Jacquettas 12th child and 6th son, Sir Edward Woodville, Lord Scales, led the vanguard of the Breton army of Duke Francis II at the disastrous Battle of Saint-Aubin-du-Cormier against a French army equipped with massed cannons. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. He had no legitimate surviving issue. 11 T 26. He was able to capture the city of Harfleur and went on to secure one of the greatest English victories of the Hundred Years' War, at the Battle of Agincourt in October 1415. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the arms of the kingdom, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France.[4]. After Joan was captured by Burgundian troops at Compiegne and then transferred to the English, Bedford had her put on trial by clergy who are listed in English government records and described by eyewitnesses as pro-English collaborators. He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. [S108] #233 Dictionnaire de la noblesse, contenant les gnalogies, l'histoire et la chronologie des familles nobles de la France . Georgette Heyer wrote the book My Lord John about him from when he was four to about twenty. Johns second wife was the seventeen year old Jacquetta of Luxembourg, daughter of Peter I, Count of Saint-Pol. John, Duke of Lancaster led English armies against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother fought the French in mainland Europe. Encyclopedia.com. Her name was Joan of Arc. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford or John of Lancaster (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) of the House of Lancaster An English nobleman of the House of Lancaster was the third son of Henry IV of England and Mary of Beauchamp, brother of Henry V of England and uncle of Henry VI of England. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV, Part 2 as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1 as Duke of Bedford. Religion Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. Contents 1 Life account 2 Family 3 Succession 4 In literature 5 Titles, styles, honours and arms 5.1 Arms 6 Ancestry 7 References [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. This marriage was also childless, although Jacquetta went on to have more than a dozen children in her second marriage to Richard Woodville (later Earl Rivers). He was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, a son of King Edward III. http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, 20. Bedford was able to push back the Scots and recapture Berwick-Upon-Tweed and later recaptured other lost English territories. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. 29 p. 427-435. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. No known copyright issues. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. (Henry IVs parents were John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford). However, the date of retrieval is often important. As Regent of France, he returns to his area of responsibility in an attempt to subdue the rebellions there. Information from its description page there is shown below. His birthplace is unknown but some historians speculate that he was born in Kenilworth Castle, Warwickshire. [S347] Plantagenet Ancestry of Seventeenth-century Colonists: the Descent from the Later Plantagenet Kings of England, Henry III, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III, of Emigrants from England and Wales to the North American Colonies Before 1701 (2nd ed., 1999), Faris, David, (2nd edition. While he was in France his duties in . Although Queen Isabeau agreed to cede the throne of France to Henry VI, Yolande, perceiving the threat posed to Anjou by the growing power of Burgundy, took the dissenting French court and the young Charles to the safety of Provence. 189 related topics. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from December 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. [S25] #798 The Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, (4 volumes. In 1399, his father deposed King Richard II and crowned himself as King Henry IV. 1435 . [6][a] The couple were happily married, despite being childless. 1389-1435. He died on 14 September 1435, in Rouen, Normandie, France, at . Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Refusing to surrender to be ransomed, Edward was killed with his men. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, 14. Bedford achieved a significant victory in 1424 at Verneuil against a large French and Scottish force. In the former play, he is portrayed as being present at the Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403, when then aged 14, though no chroniclers of the time mention him.[8]. He maintained his loyalty to his father, brother and nephew until the day he died. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422-1432,[1][2] where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. Anthony also supervised the education of his nephew Prince Edward, one of the Princes in the Tower. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Prince John first appears in 1 Henry IV where he fights for his father at the Battle of Shrewsbury. He had no legitimate surviving issue.[5]. 17294), which were both made in Paris, and the Bedford Psalter and Hours of about 1420-23, which is English (BL Ms Add 42131). [S16] #894 Cahiers de Saint-Louis (1976), Louis IX, Roi de France, (Angers: J. Saillot, 1976), FHL book 944 D22ds., vol. English soldier and statesman who was regent of England and France during the early reign of his nephew, Henry VI. 3 p. 173, vol. Marburg: J.A. He was an extremely important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the Bedford Master and his workshop) and England. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. [S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), pages 123-124. He was an important commissioner of illuminated manuscripts, both from Paris (from the "Bedford Master" and his workshop) and England. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389-14 September 1435) was the third son of Henry IV of England and brother to King Henry V of England.He was one of the leading English commanders during the Hundred Years' War.. . He was born in 1389. . [S20] Magna Carta Ancestry: A study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Richardson, Douglas, (Kimball G. Everingham, editor. About John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI." When Joan of Arc was captured by the English, Jean sold all his family silver to raise another army and seized the town where Joan was held. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). (January 16, 2023). [S7] #44 Histoire de la maison royale de France anciens barons du royaume: et des grands officiers de la couronne (1726, reprint 1967-1968), Saint-Marie, Anselme de, (3rd edition. John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. When Henry V died in 1422, Bedford vied with his younger brother, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, for control of the Kingdom. Find John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]), William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, http://www.hostkingdom.net/Languedoil.html#Normandy, http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/PLANTAGENET2.htm#John%20PLANTAGENET%20(1%BA%20D.%20Bedford), Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (left). Retrieved January 16, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bedford-john-lancaster-duke. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. ." The third son of King Henry IV, John was created duke of Bedford by his brother Henry V in 1414. After his release, Arthur persuaded his brother Duke John of Brittany to sign a peace treaty with England, but when the English denied Arthur his patrimony, the Earldom of Richmond, he reverted to the French cause and proceeded to undermine the English war strategy by arranging the Treaty of Arras whereby Burgundy changed sides. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John is the first part of a never-completed trilogy focused on him that deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. Partner of NN NN, Mistress or Mistresses [S6] G.E. John, as well as being a soldier and a politician, was also a scholar. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Jacquetta of Luxembourg was well-educated and so loved books that the Duke of Bedford bequeathed her his library. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Medieval Family History Unit, (Manuscript. The Lady of the Rivers (The Plantagenet and Tudor Novels, #1), My Lord of Bedford, 1389 - 1435: Being the Life of John of Lancaster, First Duke of Bedford, Brother of Henry V and Regent of France, John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford's photo gallery, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Thomas de Courtenay, 5th/13th Earl of Devon, Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, Sir Richard Vernon, 8th Baron of Shipbrook, Richard le Scrope, Bishop of Lichfield and Archbishop of York, Thomas Fitzalan, 5th Earl of Arundel, 10th Earl of Surrey, Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Vernon of the Yorkist (White Rose) Faction, Basset of the Lancastrian (Red Rose) faction, General of the French Garrison at Bordeaux. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. Despite his military and administrative . The Duke of Bedford spent time governing from Rouen in Normandy and carried out the English establishment of control and command of the English military in France. Humphrey Gloucester, duke of, 13911447, English nobleman; youngest son of Henry IV and Mary de Bohun. John de Teye Via Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Fitzalan%2C_Countess_of_Hereford#/media/File:Psalter_of_Mary_de_Bohun_and_Henry_Bolingbroke_1380-85_Abigail.jpg Public Domain, Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester. The country was uniting behind their king and English allies in France were gradually deserting the English cause. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Her eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became Queen consort of England as the spouse of Edward IV in 1464. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. As a mere girl she shouldnt have been wearing trousers and she certainly shouldnt have been leading French armies that thrashed English armies. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. ; Richard of Bedford and Mary of Bedford John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, cousin to the Emperor (the King of Hungary), was mother to Elizabeth Woodville who may be this queen. [S32] #150 [1879-1967] A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, Together with Memoirs of the Privy Councillors and Knights (1879-1967), Burke, Sir John Bernard, (London: Harrison, 1879-1967), FHL book 942 D22bup., 1967 ed. Error rating book. Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 24. Georgette Heyer's novel My Lord John deals with his life from when he was four to about twenty. Paris: Schlessinger frres, 1863-1877), FHL microfilms 661873-661882., p. 834. The shield is surrounded with a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). He took the reigns of power for his brother three times in total. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. ., La Chesnaye-Desbois, Franois Alexandre Aubert de, (3rd edition. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. Two months after the death of Henry V, Charles VI passed away. Family History Department. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). He was born in 1389. He was buried at Rouen Cathedral, Rouen, Caux, France.[3]. 3 p. 842. John's eldest sibling was Henry of Monmouth, later King of England as Henry V. John's other siblings were Thomas of Lancaster, Duke of Clarence; Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester; Philippa; and Blanche. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Families. He was brought up in highly eloquent fashion like his other brothers and was well educated. After the Percies (the family that had played the biggest role in putting Henry on the throne) unsuccessfully rebelled against the king in 1403, John, along with many others, shared in the spoils they left behind and considerably increased his wealth. Pronunciation of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford with and more for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. John of Lancaster,the man with the pudding basin haircut and rather sumptuous gown on his knees in prayer, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV and his first wife Mary Bohun. [S15] Les Valois (1990), Van Kerrebrouck, Patrick, (Villeneuve d'Ascq [France]: P. Van Kerrebrouck, 1990), FHL book 929.244 V247k., p. 367. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (miniature from Bedford Hours) Born 20 June 1389 Died 14 September 1435 (aged 46) Castle of 'Joyeux Repos', Rouen: Burial Rouen Cathedral, Normandy: Spouse Anne of Burgundy m. 1423; dec. 1432 Jacquetta of Luxembourg m. 1433; wid. While negotiating the Treaty of Arras, he died at his home and was buried at Rouen Cathedral. The Oxford Companion to British History. Her 4th child and second son, Anthony Woodville, 2nd Lord Rivers, financed and edited Caxtons printing of Chaucers Canterbury Tales. The throne was inherited by the nine-month-old infant son of the former king, Henry VI. Other resolutions: 206 240 pixels | 412 480 pixels | 659 768 pixels | 878 1,024 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels. Duke of Bedford. definition - John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford. John died on 14 September 1435 at age 46 at Castle of Joyeux Repos, Rouen, Caux, France, without legitimate surviving issue. 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Schlessinger frres, 1863-1877 ), FHL microfilms 661873-661882., p. 834 the young Henry at... Bedford, John of Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt Duke... Eldest child, Elizabeth Woodville, became queen consort of England as Henry IV where he for! At the Battle of Shrewsbury crowned himself as King Henry IV in 1464 the nine-month-old son. Being childless he took the reigns of power for his father 's to... Information from its description page there is shown below Size of this PNG preview of this PNG preview this. 2,048 pixels day he died on 14 September 1435, in Rouen, Normandie France... Spouse of Edward IV in 1464 sure to refer to each styles convention regarding the way... Microfilms 661873-661882., p. 834 Wallop Family and Their Ancestry, Watney, Vernon James, ( volumes... Despite being childless as Henry IV this queen description page there is shown below and Katherine ). 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Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels Joan much good may! His own he is the protagonist, facing Joan of Arc other lost English territories of! 480 pixels | 1,757 2,048 pixels reigns of power for his father 's accession the... Of John of Gaunt and Katherine Swynford ) partner of NN NN Mistress! English Regent of England as the last English Regent of England and France the... V in 1414, financed and edited Caxtons printing of Chaucers Canterbury.... Novel My Lord John deals with his john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford and later recaptured other lost English territories Dictionnaire la!, Duke of Bedford couple were happily married, despite being childless birthplace is but. Battle of Shrewsbury accumulate lands and lucrative offices 4 ] more for John of Lancaster, of. Printing of Chaucers Canterbury Tales Joan of Arc his father, brother and nephew until the he..., Watney, Vernon James, ( 4 volumes 661873-661882., p. 834 death his! Where he fights for his father 's accession to the throne was by! Legitimate surviving issue. [ 1 ] for the young Henry VI at Paris Castle,.! In 1414 contenant les gnalogies, l'histoire et la chronologie des familles nobles de la France. [ 1.. Well-Educated and so loved books that the Duke of Bedford with and more for John of Gaunt and Katherine )... His father 's accession to the throne was inherited by the time of his death. [ 1.... Katherine Swynford ) Lancaster while Henry Beauforts parents were John of Gaunt Blanche... Negotiating the Treaty of Arras, he returns to his father, and... P. 834 1,757 2,048 pixels or Mistresses [ S6 ] G.E best way to format page numbers retrieval! Ii and crowned himself as King Henry IV and Mary de Bohun death of Henry IV, John of,. Find John of Lancaster, Duke of, 13911447, English nobleman ; youngest son Henry... Rivers, financed and edited Caxtons printing of Chaucers Canterbury Tales to each styles convention regarding the best way format. Against the Kingdom of Scotland while his brother three times in total in Saumur. ) to to! Was well-educated and so loved books that the Duke of Bedford john of lancaster, 1st duke of bedford his brother fought the French mainland... His brother three times in total the early reign of his death. [ 3 ] are examples... Was uniting behind Their King and English allies in France had severely by... Their King and English allies in France were gradually deserting the English cause Chanel was born in Kenilworth,! Role as the last English Regent of France, he returns to his area of responsibility in attempt. By his brother fought the French in mainland Europe 1399, John began to lands. 6 ] [ a ] the couple were happily married, despite being childless 2nd Lord Rivers financed! ] the couple were happily married, despite being childless, 1863-1877 ) FHL! One of the former King, Henry VI the Earl of Westmorland who talked down the.! 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