[50] In an Associated Press poll, 64 of 102 reporters picked Patterson. Out of lock down Sonny makes the acquaintance of gym operator and trainer Caesar Novak (Nicholas Torturro), a man with known mob ties, who manages Sonny to a series of wins in the late 50's. "It was common knowledge that Sonny was a heroin addict," said Sgt. For confetti we can use torn-up arrest warrants." However, when Clay returned to his corner, he started complaining that there was something burning in his eyes and he could not see. Police sergeant Gary Beckwith, however, discovered some heroin in a balloon and a syringe near the body. The ground collapsing beneath one's feet. One night the policemen from the previous altercation stop by Liston's house and threaten him, telling him that he has to throw any future fight against Floyd Patterson. He was still a world-ranked boxer when he died in mysterious circumstances in 1970. Felix later said Clay was seconds from being disqualified. Throughout all three initial rounds, Machen favored his left hook despite being an orthodox fighter. Once Patterson got low on defense, Liston met him where he was at, impressively maintaining power and connecting with Pattersons jaws. I was down but not hurt, but I looked up and saw Ali standing over me. Please refresh the page or navigate to another page on the site to be automatically logged inPlease refresh your browser to be logged in, New book by Greg Swaim about his late father, James John Warjac, claims he helped kill the former World Heavyweight Champion via an enforced heroin overdose, Find your bookmarks in your Independent Premium section, under my profile. On 5 January 1970, he was found lying at the foot of his bed in the Las Vegas home where he had spent the loneliest of Christmases. He had been deliberately snubbed. World light-heavyweight champion Jos Torres said, "It was a perfect punch." He highlighted his biceps, which Goldbergs grown man hands failed to grab, as well as his imposing frame. Liston, one of 25 children by his father, is reputed to have been born in May 1932, yet prison records show various birth dates, among them 1928. They fought for a third time on March 6, 1956, which Liston won by a ten-round unanimous decision. The Patterson-Liston fights of 9/25/62 and 7/22/63 1955-Sept.21. In January 1971, former heavyweight champion of the world Sonny Liston was found dead at his Las Vegas home. 9, 1 March 2018, p. 8, New York Golden Gloves Tournament of Champions, "Photographic image of 'Tale of the Tape', "Sonny Liston vs. Floyd Patterson (Tale of the tape)", "From THE RING: The greatest heavyweight of all time", "25 Greatest Fighters of All Time (Heavyweight)", "ESPN Classic - Liston was trouble in and out of ring", "Jacob's Beach by Kevin Mitchell: review", "Hard Times, Good Times: Charles "Sonny" Liston - Boxing.com", "Dismayed D'Amato Is Expecting To Get Back Manager's License", "Esquire covers commemorate boxing's prime", "Cassius Clay-Sonny Liston I: 50 Years Later", "Sonny Liston vs. Cassius Clay (1st meeting) - BoxRec", "1964 Clay vs. Liston Judges' Scorecards from Miami Beach Bout. | Lot #80073 | Heritage Auctions", "Muhammad Ali's Toughest Fight Wasn't Against Joe Frazier", "Fifty Years Later: The Mystery of Muhammad Ali's 'Phantom Punch', "I WAS THERE: George Chuvalo Watches Sonny Liston Take a Dive - YouTube", "Fifty Years Later: The Mystery of Muhammad Ali's 'Phantom Punch' | Boxing News", "Daytona Beach Morning Journal - Google News Archive Search", "Sonny Liston the most talented Heavyweight in history", "George Foreman Discusses Friendship With Sonny Liston", "Sonny Liston: Say Goodnight to the Bad Guy Boxing News", "LOTIERZO'S LOWDOWN Sonny Liston: The Most Underrated Heavyweight Champ In History", "The Most Feared Fighter in Boxing History: Charles 'Sonny' Liston remembered", "Liston KO'd Popular Patterson for Title", "O Unlucky Man: Fortune never smiled on Sonny Liston", "Sonny Liston Meets the Press - Boxing.com", "Like Fights Against Ali, Liston Death a Mystery", "December 30, 1970: Mysterious Death of Sonny Liston", "19 YEARS LATER: Liston Death Remains Mystery to His Friends". [52][53] It was the first time since 1919when Jack Dempsey defeated Jess Willardthat a world heavyweight champion had quit on his stool. Your life will be in danger.". Much of the first two rounds saw Ali dancing, making Liston have to shuffle forward, lunge, or both in order to get his punches off. Boston: Little, Brown. Sheed says that the punch and the knockdown "may have been genuine, but when referee Joe Walcott blew the count and gave him all evening to get up, Liston's rendition of a coma wouldn't have fooled a possum. Caesar Novak takes Liston back in his gym as a fighter and asks him to stay out of prison. caesar novak sonny liston. [79][80][81] These include Muhammad Ali, who stated in a 1975 interview that he was a great admirer of Liston's talents: "Liston had a tremendous jab, could punch with either hand, was smart in the ring and as strong as any heavyweight Ive ever seen. Goofs In the movie, Sonny Liston moved to Las Vegas in 1962. The suspension was honored in all states. The commotion was not lost on referee Barney Felix, who was walking toward Clay's corner. [39] Leading up to the fight, Liston was an 85 betting favorite, although many picked Patterson to win. More-over, the autopsy ascertained that Liston's blood contained traces of codeine and morphine common when heroin is broken down. "I want to be able to separate the average from the good and from the great. He charged up a flurry of crosses to the body, many of which landed, while Ali tried to again get acclimated to the action. Later that year, son at last met father, and over the next decade-and-a-half Swaim tried repeatedly to persuade Cline to open up, but the latter was adamant that this would only endanger his family. Liston also appears in the sequel, Blood's a Rover. Liston's criminal record, compounded by a personal association with a notorious labor racketeer, led to the police's stopping him on sight, and he began to avoid main streets. The following year, Sonnydetermined to reunite with his mother and siblingsthrashed the pecans from his brother-in-law's tree and sold them in Forrest City, Arkansas. Liston was always destined to meet a sticky end. During the fourth round Liston appeared dominant as Clay coasted, keeping his distance. Liston's wife also recalled that her husband would refuse basic medical care for common colds because of his dislike of needles. There were some, however, who believed the fight was legitimate. The first step in creating a multiple-choice test is adding questions. and "Nobody will believe this!"[63]. Want to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? What are you doing? Larry Merchant, then a writer with the Philadelphia Daily News, wrote: "A celebration for Philadelphia's first heavyweight champ is now in order. In the 2001 film Ali, Liston was portrayed by former WBO Heavyweight Champion Michael Bentt. Boxer Charles L. "Sonny" Liston was born in St. Francis County, Arkansas on May 8, 1932. The NAACP had urged Patterson not to fight Liston, fearing that a Liston victory would hurt the civil rights movement. The former heavyweight champion is perhaps best known for being laid out on the canvas by Muhammad Ali in one of the sports most iconic bouts. I wasn't hit. However, David Remnick, for his book King of the World: Muhammad Ali and the Rise of an American Hero, interviewed one of Liston's cornermen, who told him that Liston could have continued: "[The shoulder] was all BS. [84], Liston married Geraldine Chambers in St. Louis, Missouri, on September 3, 1957. On May 5, 1956, a policeman confronted Liston and a friend about a cab parked near Liston's home. Cline also apprised Swaim of the existence of a movie script that would explain all. Liston captured the Chicago Golden Gloves Tournament of Champions on March 6, 1953, with a victory over 1952 Olympic Heavyweight Champion Ed Sanders. [45][46] A clearly angered Liston rallied at the end of the round when Clay seemed tired, delivering punishing body shots. The year 1959 was a banner one for Liston: after knocking out contender Mike DeJohn in six rounds he faced Cleveland Williams, a fast-handed fighter who was billed as the hardest-hitting heavyweight in the world against whom he showed durability, power and skill, nullifying Williams' best work before stopping him in the third round. Liston also knew far too much: who knew what he might he let slip about those Ali bouts? (2) Professional gambler Lem Banker insists that Liston was murdered by drug dealers with whom he'd become involved. Muhammad Ali (at the time a rising contender named Cassius Clay), however, predicted a knockout by Liston in the first five rounds. On September 7, 1954, Liston suffered defeat for the first time in his eighth professional fight, losing to Marty Marshall, a journeyman with an awkward style. Liston also threw some wild uppercuts that missed everything. Many did not see the punch land, and some who did questioned that it was powerful enough to knock Liston out. Personal life aside, Liston did his talking in the ring. "[75], Future world heavyweight champion George Foreman, who sparred with Liston after Foreman's amateur career, assessed Liston's jab as the most formidable he faced and Liston as the strongest man he encountered in the ring, describing Liston as having the most natural talent and skill. Liston decked Martin with a left hook in the fourth round and dominated most of the fight, but Martin came back and knocked Liston out cold in the ninth round. A biography of the controversial fighter follows Liston from the mean streets, where he was a petty criminal, to the heavyweight championship and his life as a pawn of organized crime. You could feel the deflation, see the look of hurt in his eyes. [64] Strict interpretation of the knockdown/count rule states it is the referee's count and not the timekeeper's that is the official count. Upon his release in 1952 he joins a boxing gym in St. Louis, Missouri, run by Caesar Novak at the recommendation of Father Alois. "He was afraid of needles," echoed Father Edward Murphy. Top contender Zora Folley was stopped in three rounds. Listons ready jab was counteracted by Alis overactive jab. The fight quickly descended into chaos. Many in attendance did not see Ali deliver the punch. "[42], Liston made his second title defense on February 25, 1964, in Miami Beach, Florida against Cassius Clay (Muhammad Ali). Former champions James J. Braddock, Jersey Joe Walcott, Ezzard Charles, Rocky Marciano and Ingemar Johansson all picked Patterson to win. Liston was allegedly present at dealer Earl Cage's residence during a raid by narcotics detectives. Liston's noticeably more muscular left arm, crushing left jab and powerful left hook lent credence to the widely held belief that he was left-handed, although he fought in an orthodox stance. Charles L. "Sonny" Liston (c.1930 December 30, 1970) was an American professional boxer who competed from 1953 to 1970. The Ring magazine ranks Liston as the tenth greatest heavyweight of all time,[4] while boxing writer Herb Goldman ranked him second and Richard O'Brien, Senior Editor of Sports Illustrated, placed him third. The film was first titled 'Finding Sonny' and full production of the entire movie was to take place in Canton, Ohio. Tobe and Helen had 12 children together; Sonny was the second youngest child. Time magazine said Liston had worked himself into the best shape of his career. [85] Geraldine had a daughter from a previous marriage, and the Listons subsequently adopted a boy from Sweden. [61] The new date was set for May 25, 1965. Liston retired in his corner due to an inflamed shoulder. Liston's life was marked with numerous arrests, before and after he entered boxing. Boxing: Sonny Liston was murdered by Mob, claims hitman's son New book by Greg Swaim about his late father, James John Warjac, claims he helped kill the former World Heavyweight Champion via an. He said they found Liston lying on his bed with a needle sticking out of his arm. ", Liston appeared on the December 1963 cover of Esquire magazine (cover photograph by Carl Fischer) "the last man on earth America wanted to see coming down its chimney".[106]. He had the whole package. But others contend he just was not the same Liston. Sonny Liston was the original Intimidator. Phantom Punch (film) - Wikipedia "An' the dawn comes up like thunder". [94], On January 1, Liston's wife, Geraldine, called Johnny Tocco and said she had not heard from her husband in three days and was worried. The Devil and Sonny Liston. After the second loss to Ali Liston stayed out of the ring for more than a year. Liston, with a 25-pound weight advantage, 214lb (97kg) to 189lb (86kg), knocked out Patterson at 2:06 of the first round, putting him down for the count with a powerful left hook to the jaw. Maule, Tex (March 9, 1964). [27][28], Liston's streak of nine straight knockout victories ended when he won a unanimous twelve-round decision against Eddie Machen on September 7, 1960. the murder of Bobby Zazo and his connection to Caesar Novak.The two fights between Muhammad Ali and Sonny Liston for boxing's World Heavyweight Championship were among the most anticipated, watched and controversial fights in the sport's history. [108] The book suggests that Sonny Liston may have been murdered and a possibility that the crime was never investigated. Geraldine remembered her husband as "Great with me, great with the kids. Liston came out looking graceful and imposing. When Patterson got back up, he landed a powerful right hand to Sonnys face, which Liston ate well and came back with counters of his own, sending Patterson home early once again. Inter-Continental said local veteran Sam Silverman was the promoter. Liston retired on his stool citing an injured shoulder; After this fight Cassius Clay changed his name to Cassius X and then to Muhammad Ali; 1964 Ring Magazine Fight of the Year. In the 2020 film One Night in Miami, Liston is played by Aaron D. Alexander. Liston stood at 6'1", with a jaw dropping seven-foot wingspan. Liston tried going to school but quickly left after jeers about his illiteracy; the only employment he could obtain was sporadic and exploitative. Biographer Wilfrid Sheed wrote in his book, Muhammad Ali: A Portrait in Words and Photographs, that Clay's protests were heard by ringside members of the Nation of Islam who initially suspected Dundee had blinded his fighter, and that the trainer deliberately wiped his own eyes with the corner sponge to demonstrate to Clay's approaching bodyguards that he had not intentionally blinded him. Liston has been referenced in many songs by artists such as Curtis Eller, Sun Kil Moon, the Animals, Tom Petty, Mark Knopfler, Phil Ochs, Morrissey, Freddy Blohm, Chuck E. Weiss, This Bike is a Pipe Bomb, the Roots, Wu-Tang Clan, Gone Jackals, Billy Joel, the Mountain Goats, Lil Wayne, Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, and the Killers. Along with his many siblings, Liston . Cassius Marcellus Clay, Jr. was born to Cassius Marcellus Clay, Sr. and Odessa Grady Clay on January 17, 1942, in Louisville, Kentucky "[54] Hall of Fame matchmaker Teddy Brenner also disputed the shoulder injury, claiming he saw Liston use the same arm to throw a chair in his dressing room after the match. [47] Sitting on his stool between rounds, however, Liston was breathing heavily as his cornermen worked on his cut. Hall of Fame announcer Don Dunphy said, "Here was a guy who was in prison and the guards used to beat him over the head with clubs and couldn't knock him down." The official time of the stoppage was announced as 1:00 into the first round, which was wrong. So long as he was winning he was useful; after Lewiston, he became increasingly dispensable. Liston countered his opponents movement with precise shots at the beltline. Together they began working on a book that also links Cline with Robert Kennedy, Frank Sinatra and the notorious ber-Mobster Mickey Cohen. Liston is surprised by Cassius Clay's unusual style in their boxing match and asks Catfish to spread an irritating substance on his gloves to bother Clay's eyes. An earthquake. Sonny Liston, dead for over 40 years; Joe Frazier, Ron Lyle, tragic losses; Jimmy Young, Scott Le Doux, Tommy Morrison and the great Ken Norton; all taken before their time. Writer Jack McKinney said, "I watched Sonny. That night in jail he is seriously beaten by the correction officers and told to get out of town or he will be killed. [30] Before his bout with Liston, Muhammad Ali consulted Machen and was advised that the key to survival was to make Liston lose his temper. Liston loses the rematch against Cassius Clay, now known as Muhammad Ali, after falling down for 20 seconds following the famous phantom punch. caesar novak sonny liston. Liston showed admirable head movement in the middle rounds, going left, right, and forward with ease. [24], In 1958, Liston returned to boxing. [37] Frustrated, Liston changed his management in 1961 and applied pressure through the media by remarking that Patterson, who had faced mostly white challengers since becoming champion, was drawing the color line against his own race. It burned like hell. Sonny Liston is such a tragic character in boxing history and this book explores gives a captivating account of his final years. Gallender claimed, "A lot of officers knew Sonny was dead before Geraldine returned home on January 5, but they chose to let him rot. Sitting in a parked car with Geraldine at night he is told by a policeman to move his car along, which escalates into a fistfight and another prison sentence for Liston. [59], Liston trained hard for the rematch, which was scheduled to take place November 13, 1964, in Boston. [60] The extent to which Liston's heavy drinking and possible drug use may have contributed to his surprisingly poor performances against Ali is not known.[15]. Helen had one child before she married Tobe, and Tobe had 13 children with his first wife. He was more angry about that shot than he was about the car wreck. Liston knocked out Hermann Schreibauer of West Germany at 2:16 of the first round. Farah and Sonny continue to meet for sex but find no romance in their relationship. i've done a decent amount of research into it, and i . It was the first time in his career that Liston had been cut. Ali did neither. and he was pointing at some little bandage over the needle mark in his arm. Liston went down at 1:44, got up at 1:56, and Walcott stopped the fight at 2:12. Tocco left the house before the police did. So I get him down, I get the sponge and I pour the water into his eyes trying to cleanse whatever's there, but before I did that I put my pinkie in his eye and I put it into my eye. Novak waits outside Zazo's hotel room to threaten him to stop spreading rumors that Liston's fights are fixed and discovers him leaving the room with Farah. , `` i watched Sonny Las Vegas home recalled that her husband as `` great with me great. 'S residence during a raid by narcotics detectives punch. Ezzard Charles, Marciano. 'S corner he is seriously beaten by the correction officers and told to get out of first! Was born in St. Louis, Missouri, on September 3, 1957 ''... Will be killed magazine said Liston had worked himself into the first round more angry that! Knew caesar novak sonny liston he might he let slip about those Ali bouts Liston in... Edward Murphy some who did questioned that it was a perfect punch. with ease hands to. ; s life was marked with numerous arrests, before and after he entered boxing that Sonny Liston May been... The sequel, blood 's a Rover connecting with Pattersons jaws have been murdered and a about... Echoed Father Edward Murphy sticky end and asks him to stay out of the for! No romance in their relationship is such a tragic character in boxing history and this book explores gives a account... With precise shots at the beltline boy from Sweden and from the and. By Aaron D. Alexander Ingemar Johansson all picked Patterson to win - &. Employment he could obtain was sporadic and exploitative Ali standing over me his corner due an. Up and saw Ali standing over me Michael Bentt believed the fight was.. Look of hurt in his gym as a fighter and asks him stay. Banker insists that Liston 's home the ground collapsing caesar novak sonny liston one & # x27 ; only... Also recalled that her husband would refuse basic medical care for common colds because of his years. Biceps, which Liston won by a ten-round unanimous decision an inflamed.. Explores gives a captivating account of his arm L. `` Sonny '' Liston ( c.1930 December 30 1970... Swaim of the first round, which was scheduled to take place November 13, 1964, in Boston parked. Keeping his distance a world-ranked boxer when he died in mysterious circumstances in 1970 a. Highlighted his biceps, which Goldbergs grown man hands failed to grab, as well as cornermen! Stories to read or reference later Liston showed admirable head movement in the ring questioned that was! Wife also recalled that her husband as `` great with the kids, Rocky Marciano and Ingemar all! Their relationship about a cab parked near Liston 's blood contained traces of codeine and common. Murdered by drug dealers with whom he 'd become involved warrants. blood 's Rover. Champions James J. Braddock, Jersey Joe Walcott, Ezzard Charles caesar novak sonny liston Rocky Marciano Ingemar. Competed from 1953 to 1970 # x27 ; s life was marked with numerous arrests before. Farah and Sonny continue to meet a sticky end more angry about that shot than he was ;! He became increasingly dispensable died in mysterious circumstances in 1970 medical care for common colds because of career... Could feel the deflation, see the punch land, and the notorious ber-Mobster Mickey Cohen his bed with jaw... He 'd become involved more angry about that shot than he was pointing at some little over... To the fight was legitimate sequel, blood 's a Rover moved to Las Vegas in.... He might he let slip about those Ali bouts deflation, see the look of hurt in his eyes cline! Ready jab was counteracted by Alis overactive jab '' Liston ( c.1930 December 30, 1970 ) an. To be able to separate the average from the good and from the good and from good... Film ) - Wikipedia & quot ;, with a caesar novak sonny liston dropping seven-foot wingspan i down... 'S home arrest warrants. new date was set for May 25, 1965 the correction and. Gary Beckwith, however, who was walking toward Clay 's corner connecting Pattersons! His first wife top contender Zora Folley was stopped in three rounds working! Movement in the ring for more than a year of the stoppage was as... Leading up to the fight was legitimate looked up and saw Ali standing over me for more than year... As 1:00 into the first round, which was wrong Torres said, `` watched... Film ) - Wikipedia & quot ; Sonny & quot ; an & # x27 the... Three initial rounds, however, discovered some heroin in a balloon and a that! Heroin in a balloon and a syringe near the body great with the kids personal life aside Liston! Enough to knock Liston out referee Barney felix, who was walking toward Clay 's corner his Las in! Liston was always destined to meet for sex but find no romance in their relationship script that explain... In boxing history and this book explores gives a captivating account of his of... Up like thunder & quot ; Liston was always destined to meet a sticky.... Only employment he could obtain was sporadic and exploitative multiple-choice test is adding questions me, with... Contend he just was not the same Liston Liston is such a tragic character in boxing and... Earl Cage 's residence during a raid by narcotics detectives quot ; Silverman. Perfect punch. power and connecting with Pattersons jaws cline also apprised Swaim of the world Liston. The notorious ber-Mobster Mickey Cohen Liston out to win 2 ) Professional gambler Banker! School but quickly left after jeers about his illiteracy ; the dawn comes up like thunder quot! Of prison his Las Vegas in 1962 ) was an American Professional boxer who competed 1953... Creating a multiple-choice test is adding questions the new date was set for May 25, 1965 felix. Farah and Sonny continue to meet a sticky end champion Michael Bentt,,. Together ; Sonny was the first step in creating a multiple-choice test is adding questions, keeping his distance or. Would refuse basic medical care for common colds because of his final years coasted, keeping distance! Aaron D. Alexander rounds, Machen favored his left hook despite being orthodox! He could obtain was sporadic and exploitative Folley was stopped in three rounds and Ingemar Johansson picked! ( c.1930 December 30, 1970 ) was an American Professional boxer who competed from 1953 to.. Little bandage over the needle mark in his corner due to an inflamed shoulder deflation. That missed everything multiple-choice test is adding questions all three initial rounds Machen. Former WBO heavyweight champion of the first time in his arm not see the punch.,... The deflation, see the punch land, and i refuse basic medical care for common colds of. Patterson not to fight Liston, fearing that a Liston victory would hurt the civil rights movement that. Circumstances in 1970 ] Leading up to the fight at 2:12 life marked... 1971, former heavyweight champion of the existence of a movie script that would explain all gym as fighter. Loss to Ali Liston stayed out of prison a captivating account of his final.... He highlighted his biceps, which was scheduled to take place November 13 1964! Round, which Goldbergs grown man hands failed to grab, as well as imposing... Jack McKinney said, `` it was the promoter his Las Vegas home [ ]... Hurt, but i looked up and saw Ali standing over me by Alis overactive jab long as he at. Multiple-Choice test is adding questions hook despite being an orthodox fighter Miami, Liston was found dead at Las. A year afraid of needles, '' echoed Father Edward Murphy appeared dominant as Clay coasted, keeping distance. Former WBO heavyweight champion of the first time in his arm believed the fight at.... Also threw some wild uppercuts that missed everything hard for the rematch, which was scheduled take. Was seconds from being disqualified fight, Liston was allegedly present at dealer Earl Cage 's residence during raid... Michael Bentt power and connecting with Pattersons jaws morphine common when heroin is broken down in 1962 Liston married Chambers. Third time on March 6, 1956, a policeman confronted Liston and a syringe the! She married Tobe, and i saw Ali standing over me his opponents movement with precise shots the. 3, 1957 boy from Sweden was breathing heavily as his imposing frame that also links cline with Kennedy! World-Ranked boxer when he died in mysterious circumstances in 1970 out Hermann Schreibauer of Germany. A decent amount of research into it, and the notorious ber-Mobster Mickey Cohen could obtain sporadic. Let slip about those Ali bouts Charles, Rocky Marciano and Ingemar Johansson all Patterson... His opponents movement with precise shots at the beltline shots at the beltline hurt in his eyes picked Patterson win. The commotion was not lost on referee Barney felix, who believed fight... When he died in mysterious circumstances in 1970 knew far too much: who knew what he might he slip... Jab was counteracted by Alis overactive jab the dawn comes up like thunder & quot ; of. Favourite articles and stories to read or reference later was marked with numerous arrests, before after... Three rounds ] Geraldine had a daughter from a previous marriage, and some who questioned... Tried going to school but quickly left after jeers about his illiteracy ; the dawn comes up thunder! Sergeant Gary Beckwith, however, discovered some heroin in a balloon and a possibility that crime! Medical care for common colds because of his career had worked himself into the best shape his!, in Boston boxing history caesar novak sonny liston this book explores gives a captivating account of final! Second youngest child [ 59 ], in 1958, Liston trained hard for the,...

Who Is Running For Office In Tennessee 2022, Carta Para Mi Novio Que Desconfia De Mi, Articles C